Fenugreek, native to parts of Iran and the North India, is now cultivated worldwide. It has served as a versatile medicinal herb in Iran, India, and China for centuries, with the term “foenum-graecum” referring to its extensive use in ancient Greece.
Habitat
Fenugreek is an erect, smooth, herbaceous plant, tap-rooted growing 40-80 cm tall.
It thrives in field verges, uncultivated ground, dry grasslands, and hillsides in semi-highland and highland regions.
In India and the Mediterranean, it is cultivated as a cool-season crop, both irrigated and rainfed.
Phytochemistry
Fenugreek contains about 35% alkaloids, mainly trigonelline, along with flavonoids, volatile and fixed oils rich in linoleic and oleic acids.