Rubia cordifolia, or Indian madder, belongs to the coffee family, Rubiaceae cultivated for the red pigment derived from roots.
Rubiaceae, the madder family, consists of 611 genera with over 13,150 species of herbs, shrubs, and trees, mainly in tropical regions.
Madder has historical use across the Indian subcontinent since the second millennium BCE, with traces found in Mohenjo-Daro textiles and Egyptian pharaoh Tutankhamun’s tomb.
Habitat
Madder species are found in the Mediterranean region, Asia, Africa, and the Americas, characterized by lance-shaped leaves and small yellowish flowers.
Manjistha is a medicinal herb that thrives in well-drained soils in part-shaded areas.
Rubia cordifolia prefers loamy soil in humus, with propagation through seeds and two-node root cuttings.
Phytochemistry
Manjistha contains glycosides, saponins, anthraquinones, tannins, hexapeptides, quinones, and triterpenoids.
Different bioactive compounds like anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, terpenes, hexapeptides, iridoids carboxylic acids, and saccharides are isolated from various parts of cordifolia.
Roots contain purpurin, munjistin, xanthopurpurin, pseudopurpurin, alizarin, mollugin rubimallin, β-sitosterol, daucosterol, and more.
Nutritional Prowess
The root is traditionally used for treating kidney stones, menstrual disorders, urinary tract disorders, blood disorders, bruises, jaundice, paralysis, spleen disorders, and sciatica.
Manjistha has anti-inflammatory qualities, reducing redness, joint pain, swelling, and arthritis. It subdues dysmenorrhea pain.
Acting as a blood purifier, it helps women with PCOD and restores uterus health.
Effectively treats skin, digestive, respiratory, circulatory, and neurological disorders, also used for treating fevers, elephantiasis, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Dermatological Perks
Enriched with Alizarin, Manjistha is antibacterial, soothing dry skin, allergies, rashes, or inflammation.
Anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities benefit the skin.